by Jean Barbet | Sep 26, 2023 | Logic, Non classé, Number Theory, Set Theory
Natural numbers have two faces: on one hand, they can be seen as sequences or “enumerations”—what we call ordinal numbers. On the other hand, they are perceived as “quantities,” which leads us to cardinal numbers. While this distinction is not... 
by Jean Barbet | Jun 22, 2021 | Algebra, Geometry, Non classé
The visual intuition through which we represent the Euclidean plane suggests that we can orient it according to a direction of rotation. This intuition reflects a rigorous mathematical definition of the orientation of the plane, which involves choosing a basis and,... 
by Jean Barbet | May 8, 2021 | Algebra, Geometry, Non classé
The representation of the Euclidean plane as the Cartesian product \(\mathbb R^2\) allows us to decompose any vector of the plane into two coordinates, its abscissa and its ordinate. This decomposition is linked to a particular and natural “representation... 
by Jean Barbet | Mar 25, 2021 | Algebra, Geometry, Non classé, Number Theory
Descartes’ analytical method, which allows the Euclidean plane to be represented as the Cartesian product $ \mathbb{R}^2 $ through the theory of real numbers, also makes it possible to represent Euclidean space as the Cartesian product $ \mathbb{R}^3 =... 
by Jean Barbet | Mar 20, 2021 | Algebra, Geometry, Non classé, Number Theory
The complex multiplication naturally extends to a multiplication in four dimensions, which defines on the space $ \mathbb{R}^4 $ the structure of the algebra $ \mathbb{H} $ of Hamilton’s quaternions. This multiplication can be interpreted geometrically using the... 
by Jean Barbet | Mar 12, 2021 | Algebra, Non classé, Number Theory
Gaussian integers are complex numbers with integer coordinates. Thanks to their norm, a kind of integer measure of their size, we can describe some of their arithmetic properties. In particular, we can determine which are the usual prime numbers that...